Mod Fashion
Innovative, creative, bold and brash. Sixties fashion belonged to London, England. The Brits set the tone and the world followed.
What we wear has always defined us to some degree. At the very least, it can indicate economic status, but always before within certain confines of convention. Historically, a uniformity of dress created a homogeneous population.
The 1960s ushered in an attitude of "anything goes" and reflected the shifting politics of the day. "Do your own thing" applied to clothes as well.
The fashion revolution was youth oriented and youth driven and began in the streets rather than the old line couture houses. The Baby Boomers were coming of age.
The boutique clothing store emerged in the 1960s as "the happening" place to shop. They were fun and hip and young people felt more comfortable shopping there. No geography was more famous for swinging boutiques than Carnaby Street and Kings Road in London. Not to be left out of the trend, Paraphernalia opened in 1965 on Madison Avenue in New York and was an instant smash.
Mary Quant
Where a Victorian woman not only would cover her own legs but those of her piano as well, a hundred years later in the Sixties women exposed as much of her legs as her body shape permitted.
Some controversy surrounds who invented the miniskirt, but Andre Courreges usually gets the credit. Yet it was Mary Quant who popularized the swinging Sixties look and edged the miniskirt to mainstream.
Miniskirt lengths tended to vary by continent. In America the more conservative 4-5 inches above the knee reigned but in London, 7-8 inches or more was considered hip. 
It cannot be repeated enough. Pants were worn for only the most casual activity. And never ever worn to school. They were not prevalent in the work place yet either. 
Twiggy
Dubbed "The Face of 1966" Twiggy dominated fashion photography. She was on the cover of every major fashion and teen magazine. Her boyish look was the one to emulate.
Young Leslie Hornsby was teased as a child about being skinny - thin as a twig, they said. Thus the name, Twiggy.
Twiggy was the face of the decade
Nancy Sinatra helped to popularize 
Young Londoner in a mini
the "Mini"
(don't forget those "boots").
Hair Style
The long hair style at left is more what you were expecting to see. That's because you have seen a few episdoes of the Mod Squad. But it was not the norm. Only young people could wear the longer straight styles.
At right you have a more common style for long hair. It came with the advice, "Natural girl look of today has long, soft, and free swinging hair. To provide extra shape and swing, any below the shoulder hair should have a good blunt cut. "
Short hair styles
The British domination of 1960s fashions extended into hair styles as well. Twiggy and Vidal Sassoon each had a profound influence on short hair styles. Although they are covered elsewhere on this site, (See Mod Fashion) they were the stimulus for a whole new view of hair styling. 
